diff --git a/src/Mod/Material/App/Array2DPyImpl.cpp b/src/Mod/Material/App/Array2DPyImpl.cpp
index 706f62ddde..8f286d6f4a 100644
--- a/src/Mod/Material/App/Array2DPyImpl.cpp
+++ b/src/Mod/Material/App/Array2DPyImpl.cpp
@@ -64,17 +64,18 @@ int Array2DPy::PyInit(PyObject* /*args*/, PyObject* /*kwd*/)
 Py::List Array2DPy::getArray() const
 {
     Py::List list;
+
     auto array = getMaterial2DArrayPtr()->getArray();
 
     for (auto& row : array) {
-        Py::List* rowList = new Py::List();
+        Py::List rowList;
         for (auto& column : *row) {
             auto quantity =
                 new Base::QuantityPy(new Base::Quantity(column.value<Base::Quantity>()));
-            rowList->append(Py::Object(quantity));
+            rowList.append(Py::asObject(quantity));
         }
 
-        list.append(*rowList);
+        list.append(rowList);
     }
 
     return list;
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ PyObject* Array2DPy::getRow(PyObject* args)
         for (auto& column : *arrayRow) {
             auto quantity =
                 new Base::QuantityPy(new Base::Quantity(column.value<Base::Quantity>()));
-            list.append(Py::Object(quantity));
+            list.append(Py::asObject(quantity));
         }
 
         return Py::new_reference_to(list);
diff --git a/src/Mod/Material/App/Array3DPyImpl.cpp b/src/Mod/Material/App/Array3DPyImpl.cpp
index e4650c5930..c1a956da5b 100644
--- a/src/Mod/Material/App/Array3DPyImpl.cpp
+++ b/src/Mod/Material/App/Array3DPyImpl.cpp
@@ -67,17 +67,17 @@ Py::List Array3DPy::getArray() const
     auto array = getMaterial3DArrayPtr()->getArray();
 
     for (auto& depth : array) {
-        Py::List* depthList = new Py::List();
+        Py::List depthList;
         for (auto& row : *std::get<1>(depth)) {
-            Py::List* rowList = new Py::List();
+            Py::List rowList;
             for (auto& column : *row) {
                 auto quantity = new Base::QuantityPy(new Base::Quantity(column));
-                rowList->append(Py::Object(quantity));
+                rowList.append(Py::asObject(quantity));
             }
 
-            depthList->append(*rowList);
+            depthList.append(rowList);
         }
-        list.append(*depthList);
+        list.append(depthList);
     }
 
     return list;
diff --git a/src/Mod/Material/App/MaterialManagerPyImpl.cpp b/src/Mod/Material/App/MaterialManagerPyImpl.cpp
index bdc9113fc5..80f26cdaef 100644
--- a/src/Mod/Material/App/MaterialManagerPyImpl.cpp
+++ b/src/Mod/Material/App/MaterialManagerPyImpl.cpp
@@ -163,17 +163,17 @@ PyObject* MaterialManagerPy::materialsWithModel(PyObject* args)
     }
 
     auto materials = getMaterialManagerPtr()->materialsWithModel(QString::fromStdString(uuid));
-    PyObject* dict = PyDict_New();
+    Py::Dict dict;
 
     for (auto it = materials->begin(); it != materials->end(); it++) {
         QString key = it->first;
         auto material = it->second;
 
         PyObject* materialPy = new MaterialPy(new Material(*material));
-        PyDict_SetItem(dict, PyUnicode_FromString(key.toStdString().c_str()), materialPy);
+        dict.setItem(key.toStdString(), Py::asObject(materialPy));
     }
 
-    return dict;
+    return Py::new_reference_to(dict);
 }
 
 PyObject* MaterialManagerPy::materialsWithModelComplete(PyObject* args)
@@ -185,17 +185,17 @@ PyObject* MaterialManagerPy::materialsWithModelComplete(PyObject* args)
 
     auto materials =
         getMaterialManagerPtr()->materialsWithModelComplete(QString::fromStdString(uuid));
-    PyObject* dict = PyDict_New();
+    Py::Dict dict;
 
     for (auto it = materials->begin(); it != materials->end(); it++) {
         QString key = it->first;
         auto material = it->second;
 
         PyObject* materialPy = new MaterialPy(new Material(*material));
-        PyDict_SetItem(dict, PyUnicode_FromString(key.toStdString().c_str()), materialPy);
+        dict.setItem(key.toStdString(), Py::asObject(materialPy));
     }
 
-    return dict;
+    return Py::new_reference_to(dict);
 }
 
 PyObject* MaterialManagerPy::save(PyObject* args, PyObject* kwds)